Macros are short for macronutrients. They are the four basic components of food for what make up calories. When you create a program, the macronutrients all play a role. Carbs usually provide microminerals like vitamins and minerals and are usually an energy source. Proteins are important for vital bodily functions as well as muscle repair which is why it's so popular in the bodybuilding industry. Fats are also vital for body functions and for the absorption of fat soluble vitamins and minerals. In terms of calories, carbs and proteins provide 4 calories per gram. Fats provide 9 calories per gram.
Check out this article where I go in depth about the use and significance of macronutrients: What are macros in Nutrition and Fitness - Lists and Ratios
Check out these little quick read snippets where I touch upon other topics regarding macros that you may find useful and insightful: